Every summer, Puri in Odisha transforms into a spiritual epicenter as one of Hinduism’s most celebrated festivals unfolds—the Rathyatra or Chariot Festival. This grand event honours Lord Jagannath, accompanied by his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra, and unites millions in faith, devotion, and tradition.
1. What is Rathyatra?
The Sanskrit roots: ratha (chariot) + yatra (journey).
The festival takes the deities on a 2-mile procession from the Jagannath Temple to the Gundicha Temple, before returning for the Bahuda Yatra after nine days.
Rathyatra’s origin is ancient—mentioned in the Skanda Purana and other texts, linking it to Lord Jagannath as an incarnation of Krishna
One legend says the chariot journey honours Queen Gundicha, Lord Jagannath’s aunt, reflecting profound familial respect.
Another merges Krishna’s childhood memories of playful outings in Braj, symbolizing divine līlā.
3. Royal Backing & Historical Growth
King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva (12th century) initiated formal Rath Yatra celebrations. The Gajapati dynasty subsequently institutionalized rituals like Chhera Pahanra, reinforcing Rathyatra’s cultural and religious importance
4. The Sacred Chariots
Each year, three majestic wooden chariots are freshly built:
Deity
Chariot Name
Symbolism
Jagannath
Nandighosha
16 wheels, red & yellow, largest of all
Balabhadra
Taladhwaja
14 wheels, green cloth & symbol of strength
Subhadra
Darpadalana
12 wheels, yellow cloth, symbol of compassion
Built from sacred wood sourced from Dasapalla and crafted within Puri, these chariots are rebuilt yearly—an emblem of renewal
5. Rituals & Symbolism
Chhera Pahanra: The Gajapati King sweeps chariot paths with a golden broom—a powerful gesture of humility
Hera Panchami: Goddess Lakshmi playfully scolds Jagannath for leaving her behind—a blend of devotion and drama
Banati Performers: Fire-juggling dancers energize the procession with rhythmic artistry
6. Cultural Unity & Spiritual Power
Pulling the chariot’s rope is considered an act of worship that washes away sins and brings divine blessings
Rathyatra transcends caste and creed—during the celebration, everyone is equal before Jagannath
7. Global Celebration of Rathyatra
From the first overseas Rath Yatra in 1967, the festival is now celebrated worldwide—in the USA, Canada, South Africa, and beyond—connecting spiritual communities globally .
8. The Legend Behind Jagannath’s Unique Form
According to tradition, Lord Jagannath’s idol lacks full limbs—crafted hastily by Vishwakarma when Queen Gundicha arrived. Another tale credits Ravana’s curse for Jagannath’s distinct shap
